What You Need to Know About Copper-Clad Aluminum Wiring

 

What is Copper-Clad Aluminum Wiring?

Copper-clad aluminum (CCA) wiring is a type of electrical conductor that combines the properties of both copper and aluminum. It is created by bonding a thin layer of copper to the surface of an aluminum core. This results in a wire with the electrical conductivity of copper and the lightweight characteristics of aluminum. The use of copper-clad aluminum wire was primarily introduced as a cost-saving measure, as copper is more expensive than aluminum. By using aluminum as the core material and adding a layer of copper to the outside, manufacturers could achieve better electrical performance while reducing material costs.

 

Copper Wiring vs. Copper-Clad Aluminum Wiring

Copper-clad aluminum wiring has been a topic of debate and concern in electrical installations for several reasons:

1. Electrical Properties: While the outer copper layer provides better conductivity, aluminum has higher resistance compared to copper. This can lead to increased resistive heating and a higher likelihood of overheating issues, potentially causing electrical hazards.
2. Compatibility: Copper and aluminum have different rates of expansion and contraction when exposed to heat and electrical current. This difference can create potential connection problems and lead to loosening or failure of wire connections over time.
3. Corrosion: The dissimilar metals of copper and aluminum can undergo a chemical reaction when exposed to moisture, leading to galvanic corrosion, which can degrade the wire and connections.
4. Code Compliance: In many regions, building codes and regulations might not allow the use of copper-clad aluminum wiring due to the safety concerns associated with it.

 

Does Copper-Clad Aluminum Wiring Meet Building Code?

There is nothing in the National Electrical Code forbidding the use of copper-clad aluminum wiring, but local municipalities may not allow its use. To determine the current status of copper-clad aluminum wiring and its compliance with building codes in a specific area, you should consult the local building authority or a licensed electrician familiar with the local regulations. They can provide you with up-to-date information on whether CCA wiring is allowed and what alternatives may be considered for electrical installations in your region. Always prioritize safety and compliance with local building codes when planning electrical work in any building.

 

What Precautions Need to Be Taken When Installing Copper-Clad Aluminum Wiring?

The wires need to be sized up a guage. What this means is that although 12-guage wire is the normal go-to when running 20-amp electrical receptacle circuits and often lighting circuits as well, 10-guage CCA needs to be used here instead to accomodate the CCA. The receptacles receiving the CCA wiring should be rated for Copper-aluminum (Cu / Al) use.